Introduction and types of drilling fluids

• Aug 27, 2021
• Mud is a widely used drilling fluid, which is mainly used for unstable rock formations such as looseness, developed fissures, easy collapse, swelling and spalling in contact with water....

Drilling fluid refers to the working fluid used in drilling. It can be liquid or gas. Therefore, drilling fluid should be accurately called drilling fluid. When drilling, use a circulating flushing medium in the hole. Also called drilling fluid. Drilling fluid can be divided into clean water, mud, clay-free flushing fluid, emulsion, foam and compressed air according to its composition. Qingshui is the earliest drilling fluid used. It does not require treatment and is easy to use. It is suitable for complete rock formations and areas with sufficient water sources. Mud is a widely used drilling fluid, which is mainly used for unstable rock formations such as looseness, developed fissures, easy collapse, swelling and spalling in contact with water.
 

Drilling fluid types: water-based mud WBM (hydration equipment), oil-based mud OBM (petroleum and chemical equipment), synthetic base mud (SBM), synthetic base mud (SBM) as a substitute for petroleum-base mud (OBM) The system has been developed since the 1980s and is divided into ester groups, ether groups, poly-α-olefin (PAO) groups and chain alkyl benzene (LAB) groups. The most used is ester-based mud (EBM). SBM is easy to degrade and disperse in seawater, and has little environmental pollution. It can be discharged on-site at sea, and the biological organisms on the seabed can be restored to their original level more easily. Compared with OBM, its thermal stability is lower, the viscosity at low temperature is higher, and the viscosity decreases faster with the increase of temperature, and shale is not easy to be dehydrated. The SBM system has a higher cost, but the total drilling cost is lower than that of water-based mud (WBM) and OBM), and it can be used for the drilling of highly deviated wells, extension wells and horizontal wells.

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